The presence of excess fluid in the lungs is often referred to as pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema can be caused by various underlying conditions, including:
- Heart failure: When the heart fails to pump blood effectively, fluid can accumulate in the lungs.
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): This condition is characterized by severe inflammation of the lungs, leading to fluid leakage.
- Pneumonia: In some cases of severe pneumonia, fluid can accumulate in the lungs.
- Kidney problems: Conditions like kidney failure or nephrotic syndrome can result in fluid retention, which can eventually lead to fluid buildup in the lungs.
- Lung injury: Trauma to the chest, inhalation of toxic substances, or near-drowning accidents can cause pulmonary edema.
- High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE): This condition occurs at high altitudes when fluid accumulates in the lungs due to decreased oxygen levels.
- Certain medications: Some medications, such as certain chemotherapy drugs or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can rarely cause fluid accumulation in the lungs as a side effect.
It’s important to note that pulmonary edema can be a serious condition requiring prompt medical attention. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or a cough producing frothy or pink-tinged sputum, it is crucial to seek immediate medical assistance. A healthcare professional can evaluate the individual and determine the underlying cause of the pulmonary edema.